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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) - Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) z Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)Micronesia, Federated States of (2003)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsMicronesia, Federated States of
Administrative divisions - 4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae (Kosaie), Pohnpei (Ponape), Yap
Age structure - 0-14 years: 38.4% (male 21,163; female 20,335)


15-64 years: 58.5% (male 31,746; female 31,477)


65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,558; female 1,864) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products - black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), betel nuts, sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens
Airports - 7 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 702 sq km


land: 702 sq km


water: 0 sq km (fresh water only)


note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Chuuk (Truk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae (Kosaie)
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC four times the size of Washington, DC (land area only)
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the US. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.
Birth rate - 26.47 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget - revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants)


expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital - Palikir
Climate tropical tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage
Coastline 74.1 km 6,112 km
Constitution - 10 May 1979
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia


conventional short form: none


former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)


abbreviation: FSM
Currency - US dollar (USD)
Death rate - 5.1 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external - $53.1 million (FY 02/03 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Larry M. DINGER


embassy: address NA, Kolonia


mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941


telephone: [691] 320-2187


FAX: [691] 320-2186
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU


chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383


FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391


consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity none
Economic aid - recipient - under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001
Economy - overview no economic activity Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remote location, a lack of adequate facilities, and limited air connections hinder development. In November 2002, the country experienced a further reduction in future revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement with the US in which Micronesia received $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001. The country's medium-term economic outlook appears fragile due not only to the reduction in US assistance but also to the slow growth of the private sector. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.
Electricity - consumption - NA kWh
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 0%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Dolohmwar (Totolom) 791 m
Environment - current issues NA overfishing, climate change, pollution
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used 1
Executive branch - chief of state: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Joseph J. URUSEMAL (since 11 May 2003); Vice President Redley KILLION; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet


elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators at large for four-year terms; election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held NA May 2007); note - a proposed constitutional amendment to establish popular elections for president and vice president failed


election results: Joseph J. URUSEMAL elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA%
Exports - $22 million (f.o.b.) (FY 99/00 est.)
Exports - commodities - fish, garments, bananas, black pepper
Exports - partners - Japan, US, Guam (2000)
Fiscal year - 1 October - 30 September
Flag description the flag of Australia is used light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern
GDP - purchasing power parity - $277 million


note: $277 million $277 million GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 50%


industry: 4%


services: 46% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 6 55 N, 158 15 E
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 four major island groups totaling 607 islands
Highways - total: 240 km


paved: 42 km


unpaved: 198 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $149 million f.o.b. (FY 99/00 est.)
Imports - commodities - food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages
Imports - partners - US, Australia, Japan (2000)
Independence - 3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, construction, fish processing, specialized aquaculture, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls
Infant mortality rate - total: 32.39 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 35.65 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 28.97 deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1% (2002 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS (associate), IMF, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court
Labor force - NA
Labor force - by occupation - two-thirds are government employees
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001)		 arable land: 5.71%


permanent crops: 45.71%


other: 48.58% (1998 est.)
Languages - English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch - unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each state to serve four-year terms; and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population to serve two-year terms)


elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007); elections for two-year term seats last held 4 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 69.13 years


male: 67.39 years


female: 70.95 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 89%


male: 91%


female: 88% (1980 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm		 exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - none


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense
National holiday - Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)
Nationality - noun: Micronesian(s)


adjective: Micronesian; Chuukese, Kosraen(s), Pohnpeian(s), Yapese
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources fish forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate - -20.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - no formal parties
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2005 est.)		 108,143 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line - 26.7%
Population growth rate - 0.04% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen
Radio broadcast stations - AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%
Sex ratio - 1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: adequate system


domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes)


international: satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use - 11,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular - newly installed in Pohnpei and Yap
Television broadcast stations - 2 (1997)
Terrain low with sand and coral islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk
Total fertility rate - 3.5 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate - 16% (1999 est.)
Waterways - none
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